The Building of a Nation: The Growth, Present Condition and Resources of the United States With a Forecast of the Future

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R. Koopmans and P. Statham; "Challenging the liberal nation-state? Postnationalism, multiculturalism, and the collective claims making of migrants and ethnic minorities in Britain and Germany"; American Journal of Sociology 105:652–96 (1999)

In the midst of such multiple challenges and bearing such huge responsibilities, Patel held his head above the water and continued to swim past the roaring tide to build a nation. The geography of India with territorial and administrative continuity and integrity would not have been but for this man's vision and perseverance. He lent his iron will and steely determination to create India. Hippler, Jochen, ed. (2005). Nation-building: a key concept for peaceful conflict transformation?. translated by Barry Stone. London: Pluto. ISBN 978-0745323367.Hastings argues for a strong renewal of English nationalism (following a hiatus after the Norman conquest) beginning with the translation of the complete bible into English by the Wycliffe circle in the 1380s, positing that the frequency and consistency in usage of the word nation from the early fourteenth century onward strongly suggest English nationalism and the English nation have been continuous since that time. [12] Travancore had announced that it would assert its right to remain independent. This was cause for anxiety as it was expected that this announcement would cause repercussions and encourage other rulers to follow suit. When an invitation for a meeting of states rulers was sent to the Raja of Travancore, the Government of the state replied that there was no point in their representatives attending the meeting as they had already decided not to accede to India. Environmental problems that threaten the survival of humankind, along with the international attention these problems have attracted, contrast with the traditional tendency of nation-states to prioritize their particularistic national interests. Transitional social movements (networks of activists from different countries that are committed to act for a common cause) and NGOs that focus on global issues (currently, especially global warming) have challenged nation-states in two complementary ways: they question the authority of individual nation-states and coalitions of nation-states to make their own policies regarding environmental problems, and, more generally, they question national authority itself by discrediting the assumption that national interests should be the dominant principle of policy making in any given country. Religious extremism

Nation-building also includes the creation of national paraphernalia such as flags, coats of arms, anthems, national days, national stadiums, national airlines, national languages, and national myths. [14] [15] Mylonas, Harris (2012). The Politics of Nation-Building: Making Co-Nationals, Refugees, and Minorities. New York: Cambridge University Press.Anderson introduces an influential definition of nationalism that focuses on the constructed nature of nations, calling them “imagined communities.” He defines the nation as an imagined impersonal community, defined by its common history and perceived distinctiveness, that is believed to exercise the collective right to sovereign control over a given territory. Engin, Kenan (2013). "Nation-Building" – Theoretische Betrachtung und Fallbeispiel: Irak (in German). Baden Baden: Nomos Verlag. ISBN 978-3-8487-0684-6. Despite its name, the process of nation building is fundamentally two-pronged and involves the creation of a state and a corresponding nation, and their mutual alignment. Thus, nation building is both an institutional and a cultural project. Critiques of the concept of nation building are diverse, ranging from the argument that it is mainly an exercise in imperialism to the idea that nations are never truly purposely created but emerge organically. Differences in language may be particularly hard to overcome in the process of nation-building. [10] Whereas some consider Cameroon to be an example of success, fractures are emerging in the form of the Anglophone problem. [17] Failures like Senegambia Confederation demonstrate the problems of uniting Francophone and Anglophone territories. [18] [19] Terminology: nation-building versus state-building [ edit ]

Safdar, Ghulam, Ghulam Shabir, and Abdul Wajid Khan. "Media's Role in Nation Building: Social, Political, Religious and Educational Perspectives." Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences (PJSS) 38.2 (2018). online Fritz V, Menocal AR, Understanding State-building from a Political Economy Perspective, ODI, London: 2007. Harper, Douglas. "Nation". Online Etymology Dictionary. Archived from the original on 16 May 2011 . Retrieved 5 June 2011. Smith, Anthony D. (1981). The Ethnic Revival in the Modern World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521232678. Nation-states strictly enforce institutionalized criteria for naturalization, known as citizenship regimes. Citizenship regimes reflect specific understandings of who may be a legitimate member of the nation. Nation-states in which the core nation is conceived as a primordial ethno-cultural community tend to adopt citizen regimes based on a principle of jus sanguinis (“right of blood”), which allocates citizenship based on the individual’s organic ties (through family decent) to the national community and the homeland. In contrast, citizenship allocation based on a principle of jus soli (“right of the soil”) presupposes a civic-republican conception of the core nation, according to which national membership depends on acquiring, through socialization, loyalty to state institutions and acceptance of a shared political culture. Nationalizationa b c d Mylonas, Harris; Tudor, Maya (11 May 2021). "Nationalism: What We Know and What We Still Need to Know". Annual Review of Political Science. 24 (1): 109–132. doi: 10.1146/annurev-polisci-041719-101841. Huntington believed that while the age of ideology had ended, the world had reverted only to a normal state of affairs characterized by cultural conflict. In his thesis, he argued that the primary axis of conflict in the future will be along cultural and religious lines. nation-state, a territorially bounded sovereign polity—i.e., a state—that is ruled in the name of a community of citizens who identify themselves as a nation. The legitimacy of a nation-state’s rule over a territory and over the population inhabiting it stems from the right of a core national group within the state (which may include all or only some of its citizens) to self-determination. Members of the core national group see the state as belonging to them and consider the approximate territory of the state to be their homeland. Accordingly, they demand that other groups, both within and outside the state, recognize and respect their control over the state. As the American sociologist Rogers Brubaker put it in Nationalism Reframed: Nationhood and the National Question in the New Europe (1996), nation-states are “states of and for particular nations.” Junco, José Alvarez. "The nation-building process in nineteenth-century Spain." in Nationalism and the Nation in the Iberian Peninsula (Routledge, 2020) pp.89–106.