A History of Japan

Product Information

a b "Japan: Demographic Shift Opens Door to Reforms". International Monetary Fund. February 10, 2020. Japan's feudal era was characterized by the emergence and dominance of a ruling class of warriors, the samurai. [38] In 1185, following the defeat of the Taira clan by the Minamoto clan in the Genpei War, samurai Minamoto no Yoritomo established a military government at Kamakura. [39] After Yoritomo's death, the Hōjō clan came to power as regents for the shōgun. [35] The Zen school of Buddhism was introduced from China in the Kamakura period (1185–1333) and became popular among the samurai class. [40] The Kamakura shogunate repelled Mongol invasions in 1274 and 1281 but was eventually overthrown by Emperor Go-Daigo. [35] Go-Daigo was defeated by Ashikaga Takauji in 1336, beginning the Muromachi period (1336–1573). [41] The succeeding Ashikaga shogunate failed to control the feudal warlords ( daimyō) and a civil war began in 1467, opening the century-long Sengoku period ("Warring States"). [42] Ikegami, Naoki (October 14, 2014). Universal Health Coverage for Inclusive and Sustainable Development: Lessons from Japan. World Bank Publications. pp.16–17. ISBN 978-1-4648-0408-3. Japan is the third-largest automobile producer in the world as of 2022 [update] and is home to Toyota, the world's largest automobile company by vehicle production. [185] [187] Quantitatively, Japan was the world's largest exporter of cars in 2021, [188] though it was overtaken by China in early 2023. [189] [190] The Japanese shipbuilding industry faces increasing competition from its East Asian neighbors, South Korea and China; as a 2020 government initiative identified this sector as a target for increasing exports. [191]

World Press Trends 2016" (PDF). WAN-IFRA. p.19. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 24, 2020 . Retrieved November 11, 2020.Human Development Report 2021/2022" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. September 8, 2022. Royall, Tyler, ed. (2003). The Tale of Genji. Penguin Classics. pp.i–ii, xii. ISBN 978-0-14-243714-8.

A Paleolithic culture from around 30,000BC constitutes the first known habitation of the islands of Japan. [19] This was followed from around 14,500BC (the start of the Jōmon period) by a Mesolithic to Neolithic semi-sedentary hunter-gatherer culture characterized by pit dwelling and rudimentary agriculture. [20] Clay vessels from the period are among the oldest surviving examples of pottery. [21] From around 700 BC, the Japonic-speaking Yayoi people began to enter the archipelago from the Korean Peninsula, [22] [23] [24] intermingling with the Jōmon; [24] the Yayoi period saw the introduction of practices including wet-rice farming, [25] a new style of pottery, [26] and metallurgy from China and Korea. [27] According to legend, Emperor Jimmu (grandson of Amaterasu) founded a kingdom in central Japan in 660 BC, beginning a continuous imperial line. [28]Shibayama, Takeru (2017). "Japan's transport planning at the national level, natural disasters, and their interplays". European Transport Research Review. 9 (3). doi: 10.1007/s12544-017-0255-7.