Barnyard Millet/Siridhanya 2 Kg (70.74 OZ)

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Yabuno T (1987) Japanese barnyard millet ( Echinochloa utilis, Poaceae) in Japan. Econ Bot 41:484–493. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02908141 Liu X, Jones MK, Zhao Z, Liu G, O’Connell TC (2012) The earliest evidence of millet as a staple crop: new light on Neolithic foodways in North China. Am J Phys Anthropol 149:283–290. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22127 Chandra D, Chandra S, Sharma AK (2016) Review of Finger millet ( Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn): a power house of health benefiting nutrients. Food Sci Hum Wellness 5:149–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2016.05.004 Arthi N, Rajagopal B, Geethanjali S, Nirmalakumari A, Senthil N (2019) Screening of barnyard millet ( Echinochloa frumentacea) germplasm for salinity tolerance. Electron J Plant Breed 10:659–666. https://doi.org/10.5958/0975-928X.2019.00083.8 Echinochloa species; barnyard millet; genetic and genomic resources; micronutrients; small millets; value addition.

Nolde SB, Vassilevski AA, Rogozhin EA, Barinov NA, Balashova TA, Samsonova OV, Grishin EV (2011) Disulfide-stabilized helical hairpin structure and activity of a novel antifungal peptide EcAMP1 from seeds of barnyard grass ( Echinochloa crus-galli). J Biol Chem 286:25145–25153. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.200378 Radhajeyalakshmi R, Yamunarani K, Seetharaman K, Velazhahan R (2003) Existence of thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) in seeds of cereals. Acta Phytopathol Entomol Hung 38:251–257. https://doi.org/10.1556/APhyt.38.2003.3-4.5Kulkarni GS (1922) The smut of Nachani or ragi ( Eleusine coracana Gaertn.). Ann Appl Biol 9:184–186. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1922.tb05953.x For this recipe, I have used barnyard millet. You can easily substitute it with foxtail millet or kodo millet.

Gupta A, Mahajan V, Gupta HS (2010) Genetic resources and varietal improvement of small millets for Indian Himalaya. In: Gyanodayaprakashan, biodiversity potentials of Himalaya. Nainital India, pp 305–316 Echinochloa frumentacea ( Indian barnyard millet, sawa millet, or billion dollar grass) [2] is a species of Echinochloa. Both Echinochloa frumentacea and E. esculenta are called Japanese millet. This millet is widely grown as a cereal in India, Pakistan, and Nepal. Its wild ancestor is the tropical grass Echinochloa colona, [3] but the exact date or region of domestication is uncertain. It is cultivated on marginal lands where rice and other crops will not grow well. The grains are cooked in water, like rice, or boiled with milk and sugar. Sometimes it is fermented to make beer. While also being part of staple diet for some communities in India, these seeds are, in particular, (cooked and) eaten during religious fasting (willingly abstaining from some types of food / food ingredients). For this reason, these seeds are commonly also referred to as " vrat ke chawal" in Hindi (i.e., "rice for fasting", literally). Other common names to identify these seeds include oodalu ( ಊದಲು) in Kannada, Shyamak ( শ্যামাক) or Shyama Chal ( শ্যামা চাল) in Bangla, jhangora in the Garhwal Hills, bhagar ( भगर) in Marathi-speaking areas, samo or morio ( mario, moraiaya) seeds in Gujarati, or kuthiraivaali ( குதிரைவாளி) in Tamil. The Echinochloa species generally has potential resistance against various biotic and abiotic stresses. However, cultivated species such as E. esculenta and E. frumentacea are widely threatened by pest and diseases (i.e., shoot fly, stem borer, grain smut, and loose smut) at different growth stages of the crop ( Jain et al., 1997; Jagadish et al., 2008). Aphid’s infection at the vegetative stage causes considerable yield reduction to E. frumentacea. So far, DHBM 996 and TNEF-204 were found to be resistant genotypes for shoot fly and stem borer ( Rawat et al., 2019). Meanwhile, Kim et al. (2008) reported that some E. frumentacea accessions have the potential for antifeeding activity against brown plant hopper, which is among the major pests that affect rice production. On the other hand, loose smut ( Ustilago tritici) and grain smut ( Ustilago panici frumentacea) are major fungal diseases that affect the grain formation in both the cultivated species of Echinochloa ( Jain et al., 1997; Gupta et al., 2010a). A heavy infestation of smuts during head formation leads to a significant reduction in grain yield and quality ( Gupta et al., 2010a). However, Nagaraja and Mantur (2008) and Gupta et al. (2010a) showed that some of the E. esculenta accessions had the immunity against both smut diseases and further provide the chance to breed the resistance lines. The term millet is sometimes understood to comprise sorghum. The annual harvest of sorghum is twice the amount of other millets. [3] Of these pearl millet is the most common. Pearl millet and sorghum are important crops in India and parts of Africa. [4] Finger millet, proso millet, and foxtail millet are also important crop species. a b Purugganan, Michael D.; Fuller, Dorian Q. (2009). "The nature of selection during plant domestication". Nature. Nature Research. 457 (7231): 843–848. doi: 10.1038/nature07895. ISSN 0028-0836.Janani N, Sanjeevi V, Rohini U et al (2016) Postprandial glycaemic response of foxtail millet dosa in comparison to a rice dosa in patients with type 2 diabetes. Indian J Med Res 144(5):712–717 For other uses, see Millet (disambiguation). Pearl millet in the field Finger millet in the field Ripe head of proso millet Sprouting millet plants Nirmalakumari A, Vetriventhan M (2010) Characterization of foxtail millet germplasm collections for yield contributing traits. Electron J Plant Breed 1:140–147 Millets ( / ˈ m ɪ l ɪ t s/) [1] are a highly varied group of small-seeded grasses, widely grown around the world as cereal crops or grains for fodder and human food. Most species generally referred to as millets belong to the tribe Paniceae, but some millets also belong to various other taxa. [ citation needed] Yang J, Wang HP, Zhou L, Xu CF. Effect of dietary fiber on constipation: a meta analysis. World J Gastroenterol. 2012;18(48):7378-7383. doi:10.3748/wjg.v18.i48.7378

Chennaveeraiah MS, Hiremath SC (1991) Cytogenetics of minor millets. In: Gupta PK, Tsuchiya T (eds) Developments in plant genetics and breeding, vol 2. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 613–627Dvořáková Z, Čepková PH, Janovská D, Viehmannová I, Svobodová E, Cusimamani EF, Milella L (2015) Comparative analysis of genetic diversity of 8 millet genera revealed by ISSR markers. Emir J Food Agric 7:617–628. https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2015.04.077 Panaud O (2006) Foxtail millet. In: Kole C (ed) Genome mapping and molecular breeding in plants. Vol. 1, Cereals and millets. Springer, Berlin, pp 325–332 Upadhyaya HD, Dwivedi SL, Singh SK et al (2014) Forming core collections in barnyard, kodo, and little millets using morphoagronomic descriptors. Crop Sci 54(6):2673–2682 Siwela M, Taylor JR, de Milliano WA, Duodu KG (2010) Influence of phenolics in finger millet on grain and malt fungal load, and malt quality. Food Chem 121:443–449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.12.062 Compared to rice, millet take less time to cook. If using soaked millet, then the time is even reduced to one third of the normal cooking time.