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They also come in several different forms – including tablets, capsules, liquids, syrups, creams, lotions, gels, eyedrops and nasal sprays. Non-drowsy antihistamines are generally the best option, as they’re less likely to make you feel sleepy. But types that make you feel sleepy may be better if your symptoms stop you sleeping. While antihistamines used to have a reputation for making people drowsy, more modern antihistamines only occasionally have those side effects. These can be used on their own for mild hay fever or in combination with an intranasal steroid spray for moderate to severe symptoms You can find out more about how antihistamines work on our ‘ Allergy Medications‘ factsheet. How to use your nasal spray moderate to severe — meaning that your symptoms affect your sleep and daily activities such as work, school, sport and leisure
Combination medicines: These contain an antihistamine and an intranasal corticosteroid. They offer the advantages of both medicines. Your doctor can diagnose hay fever from a description of your symptoms and when they occur. They may also ask what over-the-counter or prescribed medicines you already take for hay fever. It’s also a good idea to record and tell your doctor about any triggers you have noticed in your work or home environment, and how hay fever affects your quality of life. Physical examination Keep house dust mites at bay. House dust mite allergies can be associated with hay fever and asthma symptoms but the trouble is they are microscopic and therefore hard to detect. As they gravitate to beds and humid environments, it’s advisable to wash your bedding weekly at 60°C or above to ensure you’ve killed them. Brand names include Benadryl Allergy One A Day, Piriteze Allergy and Zirtec Allergy - found in tablet and liquid form - but generic options are also widely available.
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Allergens are harmless to most people. But if you have hay fever, your immune system thinks the allergen is intruding. Your immune system tries to protect your body by releasing natural chemicals into your bloodstream. The main chemical is called histamine. It causes mucous membranes in your nose, eyes and throat to become inflamed and itchy as they work to eject the allergen from your body. When allergies strike, nasal sprays can help. There are many different types, and most work faster than pills. You can buy them over the counter at most supermarkets and pharmacies, or your doctor can prescribe one to relieve a stuffy or runny nose. This treatment works by helping your body learn to tolerate allergens. Your provider gives you a series of injections (allergy shots or subcutaneous immunotherapy) with a small amount of the allergen. Every time you get a shot, your provider increases the amount of the allergen. Over time, your immune system develops immunity to the allergen and stops launching a reaction to it.
As well as medicines and remedies, there are lifestyle and environment changes you can make to relieve hay fever symptoms, particularly when the pollen count is high: Intranasal corticosteroids: These are nasal sprays that effectively reduce inflammation in the lining of the nose caused by hay fever or other conditions. Corticosteroid nasal sprays must be used regularly and correctly to be effective. Different brands are available, so ask your doctor which one is right for you. Ask you pharmacist on how to use your nasal spray, to be sure you are using it correctly.Allergen-specific immunotherapy, also known as ‘desensitisation’, is a therapy designed to reduce the intensity of the body’s reaction to an allergen. Immunotherapy works by gradually exposing someone to increasing doses of allergen extracts, either by injection or orally. This is a long-term treatment option and should only be started by a medical specialist such as a clinical immunologist. What are the complications of hay fever? Don’t hang washing outside. As pollen wafts around, it can fall onto your washing then when you take it off the line and inside you'll be bringing the pollen in with you. If you know which allergens trigger your hay fever, reducing your exposure to them may reduce symptoms. Taking too many allergy tests may sometimes cause confusion, and cause you unnecessary lifestyle changes to avoid many types of allergens that may not actually be causing your symptoms. Speak with your doctor about what the results of your allergy test mean, and whether you need to make changes to your lifestyle.
Allergic rhinitis (hay fever) is an allergic reaction to tiny particles in the air called allergens. When you breathe in allergens through your nose or mouth, your body reacts by releasing a natural chemical called histamine. Despite being called hay fever, hay doesn’t cause hay fever and most people don’t get a fever. Monitor pollen forecasts daily and stay indoors wherever possible when the count is high (generally on warmer, dry days). Rain washes pollen from the air so counts should be lower on cooler, wet days These unpleasant and sometimes debilitating symptoms can be relieved by avoidance of the allergic triggers and the use of antihistamines. Find our 4 top tips below: Antihistamines are medicines often used to relieve symptoms of allergies, such as hay fever, urticaria, conjunctivitis and reactions to insect bites or stings.
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In Europe, the prevalence of birch pollen sensitisation is estimated to be around 8-16%, and of those, approximately 70% cross react with food sources (pollen food syndrome). Foods include: almond, apple, apricot, carrot, celery, cherry, hazelnut, kiwi, nectarine, peanut, peach, pear, plum, potato, soya and walnut. For more detailed information about hay fever and for more useful tips on management and treatment, please find further useful resources above. Allergic eye disease If your trigger is grass, avoid mowing, playing or walking in grassy areas and don't go camping on grass. Immunotherapy, often referred to as desensitisation, is a unique treatment for allergic diseases. It is a well-established treatment reserved for certain severe allergies such as when someone has had a serious allergic reaction to wasp or bee venom or severe allergic rhinitis that has not been previously controlled by any of the anti-allergy medication tried. Our research has repeatedly shown that switching to generic or own-brand options, particularly in supermarkets or discount stores, can save you money.
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