Black Sarawak Pepper from Malaysia, 200 g

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The Rainforest World Music Festival is the region's primary musical event, attracting more than 50,000 people annually. [222] Other events that are held regularly in Sarawak are the Anugerah Seri Angkasa (ASA), ASEAN International Film Festival, Borneo Music Festival Live, Borneo Jazz Festival, Borneo Cultural Festival, and Borneo International Kite Festival. [220] Major shopping complexes in Sarawak include The Spring, Boulevard, VivaCity, Plaza Merdeka, City One, and AEON shopping malls in Kuching, [223] Bintang Megamall, Boulevard, Imperial Mall, and Miri Plaza shopping malls in Miri [224] and NAIM Bintulu Paragon Street Mall, The Spring, Boulevard Shopping Mall, Crown Pacific Mall, Commerce Square Mall, Times Square Megamall, and Parkcity Mall in Bintulu. Wendy Hutton (2000). Adventure Guides: East Malaysia. Tuttle Publishing. p.30. ISBN 978-962-593-180-7.

With expansion came the need for efficient governance and thus, beginning in 1841, Sarawak was separated into the first of its administrative divisions [56] with currency, the Sarawak dollar, beginning circulation in 1858. [57] By 1912, a total of five divisions had been established in Sarawak, each headed by a Resident. [56] The Brooke family generally practised a paternalistic form of government with minimal bureaucracy, but were pressured to establish some form of legal framework. Since they were unfamiliar with local customs, the Brooke government created an advisory Supreme Council, mostly consisting of Malay chiefs, to provide guidance. This council is the oldest state legislative assembly in Malaysia, with the first General Council meeting taking place at Bintulu in 1867. [58] In 1928, a Judicial Commissioner, Thomas Stirling Boyd, was appointed as the first legally trained judge. A similar system relating to matters concerning various Chinese communities was also formed. [59] Members of the local community were encouraged by the Brooke regime to focus on particular functions within the territory: the Ibans and other Dayak people were hired as militia while Malays were primarily administrators. Chinese, both local and immigrant, were mostly employed in plantations, [60] mines and as bureaucrats. [59] Expanding trade led to the formation of the Borneo Company Limited in 1856. The company was involved in a wide range of businesses in Sarawak including trade, banking, agriculture, mineral exploration, and development. [61] Territorial expansion of the Raj of Sarawak from 1841 to 1905 played a significant role to the present-day boundaries of the modern state of Sarawak. a b Chan, Francis; Wong, Phyllis (16 September 2011). "Saga of communist insurgency in Sarawak". The Borneo Post . Retrieved 10 January 2013. We’re on the island of Borneo, home of the hornbill and orang-utan, about 30km out of Kuching, the main township in the state of Sarawak, in what’s known as east Malaysia. We’ve come to meet Alfonso Sapis, a local farmer who has kindly agreed to show us around his small but thriving pepper plantation. These small farmers can get the organic fertiliser from their surroundings. This is something we are trying to work on,” he told a press conference during his first official visit as deputy prime minister at MPB Sibu branch in Jalan Teng Kung Suk today. Sarawak pepper goes well with a wide variety of dishes. You can combine it with grilled meats, poultry, vegetables, fruit-based desserts, ...The 2020 census of Malaysia reported a population of 2,453,677 in Sarawak, [8] making it the fifth most populous state. [279] However, this population is distributed over a large area resulting in Sarawak having the lowest population density in the country with only 20 people per km 2. The average population growth rate of 1.8%, from 2000 to 2010, is very close to the national average of 2.0%. [124] In 2014, 58% of the population resided in urban areas with the remainder in rural areas, but over the next 10 years it is predicted that the urban population would rise to 65%. [280] As of 2011 [update], the crude birth rate in Sarawak was 16.3 per 1000 individuals, the crude death rate was 4.3 per 1000 population, and the infant mortality rate was 6.5 per 1000 live births. [281] Rozan Yunos (28 December 2008). "Sultan Tengah — Sarawak's first Sultan". The Brunei Times. Archived from the original on 3 April 2014 . Retrieved 3 April 2014. A few metres off the roadside and we’re surrounded by columns of vibrant green pepper vines. Between 2 and 4 metres high, Alfonso has 475 pepper vines in total, not a lot but enough, he tells us, to support his family. Spotted through the vines, we notice a scattering of banana trees, durian trees, pineapple plants and flashes of red chillies. These are not for sale, they’re planted to keep the ground healthy and of course, to cut down on the weekly grocery bill. a b c Sim, Ashley (18 August 2022). "Malaysia Census 2020 reveals Sarawak's population totals 2.453 MLN, Kuching District accounts for 609,000". Dayak Daily . Retrieved 18 September 2022.

British Military Administration (August 1945 – April 1946)". The Sarawak Government . Retrieved 3 November 2015. a b Philip Mathews (28 February 2014). Chronicle of Malaysia: Fifty Years of Headline News, 1963–2013. Editions Didier Millet. p.15. ISBN 978-967-10617-4-9. Trust and Non-self governing territories". United Nations. Archived from the original on 3 May 2011 . Retrieved 2 April 2016.The total land area of Sarawak is nearly 124,450km 2 (48,050sqmi), [7] making up 37.5 per cent of the total area of Malaysia, and lies between the northern latitudes 0° 50′ and 5° and eastern longitudes 109° 36′ and 115° 40′ E. [137] Its 750km (470mi) of coastline is interrupted in the north by about 150km (93mi) of Bruneian coast. [138] A total of its 45.5km (28.3mi) coastline have been eroding. [139] In 1961, Sarawak including neighbouring Sabah, which had been included in the International Maritime Organization (IMO) through the participation of the United Kingdom, became joint associate members of the IMO. [140] Sarawak is separated from Kalimantan Borneo by ranges of high hills and mountains that are part of the central mountain range of Borneo. These become loftier to the north, and are highest near the source of the Baram River at the steep Mount Batu Lawi and Mount Mulu. Mount Murud is the highest point in Sarawak. [138]

There were 1480 schools in Sarawak in 2014, of which 1271 were primary, 202 were secondary and 7 were vocational/technical secondary schools. [268] Among these are a number of schools that date from the Brooke era, including St. Thomas's School Kuching (1848), St Mary's School Kuching (1848), and St Joseph's School Kuching (1882). [269] As well as government schools, there are four international schools: Tunku Putra School, a primary and secondary school offering national and Cambridge curricula, Lodge International School, which is also open to local students and uses both the British National and Cambridge systems, Kidurong International School, which is owned by Shell and offers primary education mainly to children of employees but local children may enter depending on space availability, and Tenby International School, which opened in 2014 and is open to both local and expatriate children. [270] There are also 14 Chinese independent secondary schools in Sarawak that teach in Chinese rather than English or Malay. [271] Previously, only Chinese students were enrolled in these schools, but mobility of the workforce has led to increasing turnover of students as parents move to other areas for employment. [272] [273] This has led to an increasing number of Bumiputera students being enrolled in Chinese primary and preschools. [274] He also said that while ensuring that these farmers could continue to plant pepper, MPB is looking at other cash crops that these farmers can plant to improve their income. See also: Constitution of the State of Sarawak, Government of Sarawak, Cabinet of Sarawak, Elections in Sarawak, and Sarawak State Legislative Assembly Composition of the 19th Sarawak State Legislative Assembly but still live in villages consisting of longhouses, with the addition of the distinctive round baruk where communal gatherings were held. [138]BBC.com's World's Table "smashes the kitchen ceiling" by changing the way the world thinks about food, through the past, present and future.